- Production of liquid bioenergy carriers from solid biomass;
- Fundamental studies;
- Technology advances;
- Process modelling, improvement and optimisation;
- Bio-oil purification, upgrading and utilisation (combustion, chemical extraction, gasification, etc.);
- By-product utilisation;
- Wastewater treatment;
- Energy balance and techno-economic analysis.
BIOMASS CONVERSION TO INTERMEDIATE BIOENERGY CARRIERS AND SUSTAINABLE BIOFUELS
5.1 Pyrolysis
5.2 Hydrothermal processing
- Advances in hydrothermal liquefaction, gasification and hydrothermal carbonisation;
- Process fundamentals and studies;
- Technology and process improvement;
- Biocrude production, purification, upgrading;
- Value-added compounds extraction;
- Energy balance and techno-economic analysis.
5.3 Oil-based and renewable hydrocarbon biofuels
- Oil-based fuels and renewable hydrocarbon biofuels from lipids and lignocellulosic biomass;
- Bio-Synthetic Natural Gas (Bio-SNG);
- Algae biofuels production, technology advances;
- Bioprocesses for microbial oils production;
- Innovative processes for synthetic fuels production from lignocellulosic biomass (biomass based electrofuels);
- Co-processing biomass feedstock with fossil fuels in common processes;
- Technology and process improvements;
- Energy balance and techno-economic analysis.
5.4 Bio-alcohols from sugars, starch and lignocellulosic biomass
- Biochemical routes for lignocellulosic ethanol, other alcohols production;
- Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass;
- Enzymatic hydrolysis and microorganism fermentation into alcohols;
- Novel C6 and C5 fermentation techniques;
- Progress on ethanol production from sugar and starch;
- Innovations in bio-alcohol production from lignocellulosic biomass;
- Process advances;
- Downstream wastewater treatment;
5.5 Synthetic fuels from biomass and hydrogen
- Synthetic fuel production processes;
- Technological innovations of Power-to-X (Power-to-gas, Power-to-liquids, etc.);
- Renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO), Recycled Carbon Fuels (RCF);
- Hydrogen production pathways: thermochemical, electrolytic, photolytic, biological processes;
- Hydrogen and fuel cells for stationary and mobile applications;
- Alternative fuels and hydrogen logistics and infrastructure;
- Technico-economic assessments.